Blue eyes are the result of a genetic mutation in the OCA2 gene, which affects melanin production in the iris. This mutation doesn’t turn off the gene entirely but limits melanin, creating blue instead of brown eyes. In 2008, researchers at the University of Copenhagen found that all blue-eyed individuals share this exact mutation, suggesting it came from a single common ancestor. This person likely lived in Europe—possibly near the Black Sea—about 6,000 to 10,000 years ago. Before this mutation
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